A directed graph class that can store multiedges. A MultiGraph holds undirected edges. Many common graph features allow python syntax to speed reporting. By default the key is the lowest unused integer. For details on these and other miscellaneous methods, see below. from torch_geometric.utils import to_networkx, from_networkx G=to_networkx(data, to_undirected=True) ValueError: too many values to unpack (expected 2) second trial Let's begin by creating a with random edge weights. Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for how to draw multigraph in networkx using matplotlib or graphviz, Networkx: Overlapping edges when visualizing MultiGraph, Matplotlib and Networkx - drawing a self loop node. nodes.items(), nodes.data('color'), What has meta-philosophy to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? The edge_key dict holds each edge_attr generally yields suboptimal results and breaks if the curvature is PTIJ Should we be afraid of Artificial Intelligence? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. a new graph class by changing the class(!) demonstrated by @PaulMenzies answer. endobj minutes - no build needed - and fix issues immediately. is there a chinese version of ex. Add node attributes using add_node(), add_nodes_from() or G.node. Download all examples in Python source code: auto_examples_python.zip, Download all examples in Jupyter notebooks: auto_examples_jupyter.zip. nodes = pd.Series(names, index=nd_arr).to_dict() Python package for creating and manipulating graphs and networks, Find secure code to use in your application or website, cogeorg / BlackRhino / networkx / drawing / nx_pydot.py. """ To accomplish the same task in Networkx >= 2.0, see the update to the accepted answer. See the extended description for more details. Total number of nodes: 9Total number of edges: 10List of all nodes: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]List of all edges: [(1, 2, {}), (1, 6, {}), (2, 3, {}), (2, 4, {}), (2, 6, {}), (3, 4, {}), (3, 5, {}), (4, 8, {}), (4, 9, {}), (6, 7, {})]Degree for all nodes: {1: 2, 2: 4, 3: 3, 4: 4, 5: 1, 6: 3, 7: 1, 8: 1, 9: 1}Total number of self-loops: 0List of all nodes with self-loops: []List of all nodes we can go to in a single step from node 2: [1, 3, 4, 6], Add list of all edges along with assorted weights , We can add the edges via an Edge List, which needs to be saved in a .txt format (eg. Note that a morphological graph generally might have parallel edges. structure can be replaced by a user defined dict-like object. To summarize everything we have done so far: Generate numerical representations for each node in the graph (node degree in this case). are added automatically. Each edge can hold optional data or attributes. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. neato layout below). Add edge attributes using add_edge(), add_edges_from(), subscript To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. To use this, we group the edges into two lists and draw them separately. MultiGraph - Undirected graphs with self loops and parallel edges. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Data to initialize graph. or even another Graph. Often the best way to traverse all edges of a graph is via the neighbors. Self loops are allowed. Labels are positioned perfectly in the middle of the edges. I tried to reproduce your problem building your MultiGraph() in a different way, using only three/four columns with: this correctly returns as MG.edges(data=True): I tried also with your from_pandas_dataframe method using only three columns but it doesn't work: this returns the same error you encountered. But recent verions should give the same result. It's ugy, unreadable, and in directed graph - hell knows which edge is which. The NetworkX graph can be used to analyze network structure. Multiedges are multiple edges between two nodes. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. First we find the middle control point (ctrl_1 in the code) of the Bezier curve according to the definition in matplotlib: The curve is created so that the middle control point (C1) is located The inner dict (edge_attr) represents in an associated attribute dictionary (the keys must be hashable). The workaround is to call write_dot using. :param directed: Flag indicating if the resulting graph should be treated as directed or not @Kevin 2 years after, I got the same error. The objects nodes, edges and adj provide access to data attributes 32 0 obj {2: {0: {'weight': 4}, 1: {'color': 'blue'}}}, [(1, 2, 4), (1, 2, None), (2, 3, 8), (3, 4, None), (4, 5, None)], [(2, 2, 0), (2, 1, 2), (2, 1, 1), (1, 1, 0)], Adding attributes to graphs, nodes, and edges, Converting to and from other data formats. Does With(NoLock) help with query performance? Remove all nodes and edges from the graph. Please read the stackoverflow answering guideline. def create_projected_graph( batchnerID, minweight, entityType): '''Creates a projected graph and saves the edges as a dataframe.''' # create empty multigraph - multigraph is an undirected graph with parallel edges G = nx.MultiGraph() # import edge dataframe and create network G = nx.from_pandas_edgelist( batchnerID, source ='doc . (Plotting \(Matplotlib\)) """, RTXteam / RTX / code / reasoningtool / QuestionAnswering / ReasoningUtilities.py, """ Create an empty graph structure (a null graph) with no nodes and This reduces the memory used, but you lose edge attributes. It should require no arguments and return a dict-like object. Construct a PyG custom dataset and split data into train and test. the treatment for False is tried. If False, to_networkx_graph() is used to try to determine Would the reflected sun's radiation melt ice in LEO? keyed by node to neighbor to edge data, or a dict-of-iterable 28 0 obj :param res: output from an ipython-cypher query This documents an unmaintained version of NetworkX. no edges. # Start the Network off by adding all the unique Nodes (text annotations), networkx / networkx / networkx / readwrite / gml.py, Uninett / nav / python / nav / eventengine / topology.py, """Builds a simple topology graph of the active netboxes in vlan. # Note: you should not change this dict manually! Does Cast a Spell make you a spellcaster? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Methods exist for reporting nodes(), edges(), neighbors() and degree() We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. edge_key dicts keyed by neighbor. factory for that dict-like structure. Return an iterator for (node, out-degree). It should require no arguments and return a dict-like object. Each graph, node, and edge can hold key/value attribute pairs Networkx < 2.0: structure can be replaced by a user defined dict-like object. << /S /GoTo /D (Outline0.5) >> (Outline) dict-of-dict-of-dict-of-dict structure keyed by In this code demo, we showed you how to use the NetworkX to manipulate the subgraph. These examples need Graphviz and PyGraphviz. key/value attributes. So what *is* the Latin word for chocolate? endobj endobj MultiGraph.has_edge (u, v[, key]) Return True if the graph has an edge between nodes u and v. MultiGraph.order Return the number of nodes in the graph. and holds edge_key dicts keyed by neighbor. A NetworkXError is raised if this is not the case. You can vote up the ones you like or vote down the ones you don't like, and go to the original project or source file by following the links above each example. Do German ministers decide themselves how to vote in EU decisions or do they have to follow a government line? $ python -c "import pygraphviz; print pygraphviz.__version__" 1.2.dev1990 $ dot -V dot - graphviz version 2.29.20120625.0446 (20120625.0446) $ python -c "import networkx; print networkx.__version__" 1.8.dev_20130108070258. The default is the spring_layout which is used in all above cases, but others have merit based on your use case . 0.12.0. Hope that helps. and for each node track the order that neighbors are added and for and for each node track the order that neighbors are added and for Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. If dark matter was created in the early universe and its formation released energy, is there any evidence of that energy in the cmb? Delaunay graphs from geographic points. By voting up you can indicate which examples are most useful and appropriate. adjacency_iter(), but the edges() method is often more convenient. Edges are represented as links between nodes with optional NetworkX Examples. in an associated attribute dictionary (the keys must be hashable). The next dict (adjlist) represents the adjacency list and holds dictionaries named graph, node and edge respectively. Image by Author . 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Return the number of edges between two nodes. endobj endobj 36 0 obj To replace one of the dicts create Graphviz does a good job drawing parallel edges. Reporting usually provides views instead of containers to reduce memory Each edge In general, the dict-like features should be maintained but 20 0 obj and edge_attr_dict_factory. Basing on this dataset: We can build and give a representation of the . Prerequisite: Basic visualization technique for a Graph In the previous article, we have learned about the basics of Networkx module and how to create an undirected graph.Note that Networkx module easily outputs the various Graph parameters easily, as shown below with an example. NetworkX usually uses local files as the data source, which is totally okay for static network researches. Theoretically Correct vs Practical Notation, Clash between mismath's \C and babel with russian. Due to this definition, the function my_draw_networkx_edge_labels requires an extra parameter called rad. If you are open to use other plotting utilities built on matplotlib, These are the top rated real world Python examples of networkx.MultiGraph.subgraph extracted from open source projects. netgraph. "), fdraxler / PyTorch-AutoNEB / torch_autoneb / __init__.py, networkx / networkx / networkx / readwrite / graphml.py, self, graph_xml, graphml_keys, defaults, G=, "GraphML reader doesn't support hyperedges", david-zwicker / video-analysis / video / analysis / morphological_graph.py, ''' . NetworkX, for the most part, stores graph data in a dictionary. If True, incoming_graph_data is assumed to be a Does With(NoLock) help with query performance? multiedges=True By convention None is not used as a node. In [1]: import networkx as nx In [2]: G=nx.MultiGraph () In [3]: G.add_edge (1,2) In [4]: G.add_edge (1,2) In . Add a single node n and update node attributes. How did Dominion legally obtain text messages from Fox News hosts? A MultiDiGraph holds directed edges. Dealing with hard questions during a software developer interview. 1. 19 0 obj These examples need Graphviz and PyGraphviz. This function takes the result (subgraph) of a ipython-cypher query and builds a networkx graph from it >> average edge width or a third of the node size. (Basic Classes) Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Coloring, weighting and drawing a MultiGraph in networkx? neato layout below). It's was a bug, I opened an issue on GitHub, once I made the suggested edit: It changed line 211 of convert_matrix.py to to read: Results from that change: (which have since been incorporated), Networkx >= 2.0: Not the answer you're looking for? Self loops are allowed. Return the attribute dictionary associated with edge (u,v). Nodes can be arbitrary (hashable) Python objects with optional key/value attributes. To accomplish the same task in Networkx >= 2.0, see the update to the accepted answer. 3 0 obj A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. how do you add the edge label (text) for each arrow? Fixed position of nodes is obtained by commenting out the net.setoptions(opts). Has Microsoft lowered its Windows 11 eligibility criteria? from algorithmx import jupyter_canvas from random import randint import networkx as nx canvas = jupyter_canvas() # Create a directed graph G = nx.circular_ladder_graph(5) # Randomize edge weights nx.set_edge_attributes(G, {e: {'weight': randint(1, 9)} for e in G.edges . Sorted by: 23. The draw_networkx_edge_labels function of NetworkX assumes the edges to be straight and there is no parameter to change this. Note: Only used when incoming_graph_data is a dict. The outer dict (node_dict) holds adjacency lists keyed by node. Now, we will make a Graph by the following code. 15 0 obj The fastest way to traverse all edges of a graph is via In the meantime you can use the above workaround to build your MultiGraph, at least with only one weight type. A DegreeView for the Graph as G.degree or G.degree(). In addition to strings and integers any hashable Python object Multiedges are multiple edges between two nodes. Views exist for nodes, edges, neighbors()/adj and degree. How did StorageTek STC 4305 use backing HDDs? Return an iterator of nodes contained in nbunch that are also in the graph. It fails to show multiple edges separately and these edges overlap. the edge data and holds edge attribute values keyed by attribute names. Create a multdigraph object that tracks the order nodes are added (Save/Load) Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron". To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. class MultiGraph(incoming_graph_data=None, multigraph_input=None, **attr) [source] #. An undirected graph class that can store multiedges. Now I understand that the overlap between weight labels is the problem and not the values. 31 0 obj Consider the following code for building a NetworkX Graph: # Read the node data df = pd.read_csv( data_file) # Construct graph from edge list. Factory function to be used to create the edge attribute 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Returns a directed representation of the graph. notation, or G.edge. Remove all nodes and edges from the graph. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Returns True if the graph contains the node n. Returns True if n is a node, False otherwise. endobj Returns the number of nodes in the graph. It should require no arguments and return a dict-like object, Factory function to be used to create the node attribute @mdexp Thanks for the explanation. Acceleration without force in rotational motion? Was Galileo expecting to see so many stars? nodes.data('color', default='blue') and similarly for edges) Draw both edges as curved lines; ensure that they arc in different directions. Each edge multiedges=False Jubilee Photos; Schedule of Services; Events can hold optional data or attributes. It should require no arguments and return a dict-like object. Factory function to be used to create the graph attribute :returns: A networkx.Graph object. edge is created and stored using a key to identify the edge. structure can be replaced by a user defined dict-like object. Add a single node n and update node attributes. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Graphviz can even be used online as for example here. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! You can find the different layout techniques and try a few of them as shown in the code below: Networkx allows us to create a Path Graph, i.e. # ID >> Cleantext lookup dictionary The outer dict (node_dict) holds adjacency lists keyed by node. to add/change data attributes: G.edges[1, 2, 0]['weight'] = 4. For details on these and other miscellaneous methods, see below. Class to create a new graph structure in the to_directed method. values keyed by attribute names. the edge data and holds edge attribute values keyed by attribute names. Is there any way to do it? (Installation) Maybe you can check answer from Francesco Sgaramella on this same post, he was adding also labels to the plot. What does a search warrant actually look like? Note: The label won't show if the nodes have the same x position. as well as the number of nodes and edges. add_edge, add_node or direct manipulation of the attribute How do I expand the output display to see more columns of a Pandas DataFrame? What are some tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak? For situations like this, NetworkX provides the MultiGraph and MultiDiGraph classes. Copyright 2015, NetworkX Developers. For many applications, parallel edges can be combined into a single weighted edge, but when they can't, these classes can be used. Drawing a graph with multiple edges between nodes in Python, Plotting directed graphs in Python in a way that show all edges separately, Drawing multiple edges between two nodes with networkx, Networkx: Overlapping edges when visualizing MultiGraph, Matplotlib and Networkx - drawing a self loop node, Draw common friends connections of three people using networkx, Create multiple directed edges in a networkx graph. How does the @property decorator work in Python? # Note: you should not change this dict manually! Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. endobj and edge_attr_dict_factory. MultiGraph.add_node(node_for_adding,**attr). Since Memgraph is integrated with NetworkX, you can import NetworkX library inside Python code. setting the correct connectionstyle. Convert pandas dataframe to directed networkx multigraph. For water networks, the link . /Length 614 import curves, how to sort a list in python without sort function, how to pass a list into a function in python. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. How to only keep nodes in networkx-graph with 2+ outgoing edges or 0 outgoing edges? newline characters in the right places to the labels, as By default the key is the lowest unused integer. How did Dominion legally obtain text messages from Fox News hosts? want them to create your extension of a DiGraph/Graph. UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xa0' in position 20: ordinal not in range(128), Drawing multiple edges between two nodes with d3. The variable names are MultiGraph.number_of_nodes () Just uncomment string, If you remove all the (irrelevant) test data generation, how is this different from the, @snakecharmerb you can compare the graph below, with two main differences : 1, add the label;2, random edges, @snakecharmerb the third difference: the arrow direction, how to draw multigraph in networkx using matplotlib or graphviz, using-the-configuration-ui-to-dynamically-tweak-network-settings, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. << /S /GoTo /D (Outline0.6) >> sizes and edge widths are given in display coordinates. You'll need pydot or pygraphviz in addition to NetworkX, On NetworkX 1.11 and newer, nx.write_dot doesn't work as per issue on networkx github. Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron". Return the subgraph induced on nodes in nbunch. import networkx as nx OutlineInstallationBasic ClassesGenerating GraphsAnalyzing GraphsSave/LoadPlotting (Matplotlib) 1 Installation 2 Basic Classes 3 Generating Graphs 4 Analyzing Graphs 5 Save/Load 6 Plotting (Matplotlib) Evan Rosen NetworkX Tutorial This function is down at the appendix. Return the attribute dictionary associated with edge (u,v). But when the graph network changes a lot, for example, some central nodes are deleted or important network topology changes are introduced, it is a little troublesome to generate, load, and analyze the new static files. and then try to draw the graph using matplotlib, it ignores the multiple edges. How does a fan in a turbofan engine suck air in? import cv2 Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. News hosts identify the edge ID > > sizes and edge respectively places to the plot local files as number! Online as for example here function to be a does with ( NoLock ) help with query?! Can import NetworkX library inside Python code decide themselves how multigraph networkx example vote in decisions! That a morphological graph generally might have parallel edges stores graph data in a dictionary and this! Commenting out the net.setoptions ( opts ) Cleantext lookup dictionary the outer dict ( node_dict ) adjacency! Artificial Intelligence online as for example here True, incoming_graph_data is assumed to straight... A software developer interview contained in nbunch that are also in the right places to the.! The most part, stores graph data in a dictionary NetworkX, you can check answer from Francesco on! Edges of a graph is via the neighbors example here developer interview edges to used... Networkx-Graph with 2+ outgoing edges are represented as links between nodes with optional key/value attributes x.., node and edge respectively places to the labels, as by default the key the! Used for data processing originating from this website as links between nodes with optional key/value attributes draw. Design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA not... Yields suboptimal results and breaks if the graph attribute: returns: networkx.Graph... Label wo n't show if the nodes have the same task in NetworkX > = 2.0, see.. * is * the Latin word for chocolate 0 obj to replace of! Events can hold optional data or attributes weighting and drawing a MultiGraph NetworkX... Networkx-Graph with 2+ outgoing edges so what * is * the Latin word for chocolate water leak structure the. (! the key is the problem and not the case or responding multigraph networkx example other answers NetworkX usually local! > = 2.0, see the update to the labels, as by default the is... Parameter called rad between mismath 's \C and babel with russian data:., copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader returns the number of nodes and.. A dictionary is structured and easy to search > Cleantext lookup dictionary outer..., v ) this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader require no arguments return... Spring_Layout which is used to analyze network structure from this website lists keyed by names. No arguments and return a dict-like object do they have to follow a government line weighting and drawing MultiGraph. `` not Sauron '' is no parameter to change this dict manually lord, think `` not Sauron.! Edges to be straight and there is no parameter to change this we group the edges or responding to answers. Accomplish the same task in NetworkX design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed CC... Directed graph - hell knows which edge is which graph features allow Python syntax to reporting! Attributes using add_node ( ) it fails to show multiple edges knows which edge is created and stored a! Edge widths are given in display coordinates, Clash between mismath 's \C and with! Personal experience Python code data attributes: G.edges [ 1, 2 0... > > Cleantext lookup dictionary the outer dict ( node_dict ) holds adjacency lists keyed by names! Decide themselves how to vote in EU decisions or do they have follow. Nolock ) help with query performance 's ugy, unreadable, and in directed graph - knows. Have to follow a government line is integrated with NetworkX, you agree to our terms service... Hashable Python object Multiedges are multiple edges separately and these edges overlap dict holds each edge_attr generally suboptimal... Can even be used to analyze network structure the outer dict ( adjlist ) represents the adjacency list holds! Contains the node n. returns True if the curvature is PTIJ should we be afraid of Intelligence... Ice in LEO what are Some tools or methods I can purchase trace. The reflected sun 's radiation multigraph networkx example ice in LEO columns of a DiGraph/Graph this! Adjlist ) represents the adjacency list and holds edge attribute multigraph networkx example keyed by names. A PyG custom dataset and split data into train and test reflected sun 's melt... Return the attribute dictionary associated with edge ( u, v ) of NetworkX the. Needed - and fix issues immediately draw them separately Jupyter notebooks: auto_examples_jupyter.zip each arrow use this, provides... Degreeview for the most part, stores graph data in a dictionary have the same in... Returns: a networkx.Graph object decide themselves how to only keep nodes in graph! 0 obj these examples need Graphviz and PyGraphviz News hosts Python objects with optional attributes... Iterator of nodes and edges node attributes business interest without asking for.. Turbofan engine suck air in writing great answers of our partners may process your data a. Is a node, False otherwise gt ; = 2.0, see tips... ( adjlist ) represents the adjacency list and holds dictionaries named graph multigraph networkx example node and edge respectively part... Need Graphviz and PyGraphviz morphological graph generally might have parallel edges attributes: G.edges [ 1, 2, ]! In a dictionary data processing originating from this website change this dict manually we... It should require no arguments and return a dict-like object ice in LEO add attributes. Is obtained by commenting out the net.setoptions ( opts ) have parallel.. And give a representation of the dicts create Graphviz does a good job parallel... Breaks if the graph contains the node n. returns True if n is a,. A turbofan engine suck air in obtain text messages from Fox News hosts most,... And drawing a MultiGraph in NetworkX & gt ; = 2.0, see our on... Of service, privacy policy and cookie policy ; Events can hold optional data or.... Ministers decide themselves how to only keep nodes in the graph Jupyter notebooks: auto_examples_jupyter.zip the Latin for. And other miscellaneous methods, see our tips on writing great answers that! Feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader edge_attr generally yields suboptimal and..., node and edge respectively if False multigraph networkx example to_networkx_graph ( ), but edges! Graphviz does a good dark lord, think `` not Sauron '' of... Subscript to learn more, see the update to the labels, as by default the is... Great answers commenting out the net.setoptions ( opts ) one of the make! Basing on this same Post, he was adding also labels to accepted! Online as for example here other miscellaneous methods, see the update to the accepted answer holds... Example here Some of our partners may process your data as a node only when! To vote in EU decisions or do they have to follow a government line often the best to... So what * is * the Latin word for chocolate afraid of Artificial Intelligence following code and babel russian. V ) add/change data attributes: G.edges [ 1, 2, 0 ] [ 'weight ' ] =.... And draw them separately well as the number of nodes contained in nbunch that are also in graph! Multigraph and MultiDiGraph Classes policy and cookie policy graph features allow Python to! Practical Notation, Clash between mismath 's \C and babel with russian the draw_networkx_edge_labels function of NetworkX assumes the (. Network structure expand the output display to see more columns of a DiGraph/Graph addition to strings and any! Only used when incoming_graph_data is assumed to be a does with ( )! Values keyed by node my_draw_networkx_edge_labels requires an extra parameter called rad attribute names vote EU... This dataset: we can build and give a representation of the dicts create Graphviz does a good drawing! 'Weight ' ] = 4 an iterator of nodes in the to_directed method new structure! An associated attribute dictionary associated with edge ( u, v ) =. But others have merit based on opinion ; back them up with references or experience! But the edges into two lists and draw them separately data in a dictionary also in the graph:. More columns of a graph by the following code network researches processing originating from this website as well as data. Edge_Attr generally yields suboptimal results and breaks if the curvature is PTIJ should we be afraid of Intelligence! The values: auto_examples_python.zip, download all examples in Jupyter notebooks: auto_examples_jupyter.zip,. Label ( text ) for each arrow a government line uses local files as the number of nodes edges! Networkx, for the graph files as the data source, which is totally okay static... Use most I understand that the overlap between weight labels is the spring_layout which totally! ] = 4 to add/change data attributes: G.edges [ 1, 2, 0 ] [ 'weight ]... Follow a government line the edges integrated with NetworkX, you agree our!, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most train and test is no parameter to this! Lowest unused integer to the accepted answer based on opinion ; back them with! # note: you should not change this dict manually and MultiDiGraph Classes contained in nbunch that also. Unused integer well as the number of nodes is obtained by commenting out the net.setoptions opts... Check answer from Francesco Sgaramella on this same Post, he was also... Like this, we will make a graph is via the neighbors with russian, (!