This is crucial because if businesses fold up and investors are no longer forthcoming, then the future is bleak. The implications of the Nigeria insecurity situation for organizations business activities cannot be overemphasized. Many others have also linked security to the governance system. What are the problems of development in Nigeria. Nigerian authorities must not use the state of emergency imposed in the north of the country as an excuse to commit human rights violations, Amnesty International urged today as the military continued its assault on Islamist armed group Boko Haram.Several people have reportedly been killed and hundreds . Thus, in the absence of any real threats to security, expenditures on security can be reduced significantly, allowing national and local governments to channel more resources to other public goods to improve the quality of life of the people. Oil spills deplete soil microorganisms and nutrients, which impacts Delta fishing and farming communities as well as the broader economy. The powers to declare a state of emergency is contained in section 305 of the 1999 constitution (as amended). K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide7.xml.rels According to Chris Aluta, insecurity is defined as the state of fear or anxiety, stemming from a concrete or alleged lack of protection. It refers to a lack of or inadequate freedom from danger. Non-governing citizens are also judged guilty, even though they are supposed to be free of corruption. Under emergency rule, the government enjoys wide powers which infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms. Uchenna Simeon does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. . Blog - The Kano State Ministry of Health has announced the launch of the Kano State Action Plan for Health Security (KSAPHS), a comprehensive plan aimed at preventing, detecting, and responding to . Ethnicity: Nigeria, Africas colossus, is the worlds most populated black country. The Siracusa Principles limit which rights can be infringed. Nigeria has lost large numbers of lives in the Northern region since 2009 to the insurgency of this infamous sect, Boko Haram which has been ravaging the northern region of the country. The immediate factors which caused Nigerias insecurity situation are inexhaustible. CDC and Nigeria partnered to launch an emergency response shortly after Nigeria reported its first case of COVID-19 in February 2020. Your email address will not be published. 21. The "petroleum-rich" Nigerian state, confronted by sociopolitical instability, high degree of corruption, mass hostility to the "public," and poor macroeconomic management, continue to display the attributes of a state in crisis (Akinola, 2008).Successive governments in Nigeria, like in many African states, lack the political will to initiate or sustain policy or structural . State governments work with insurers to offer programs that can provide insurance for these individuals. j. 12. 1. In addition, insecurity destroys existing infrastructure and also prevents an environment for the development of further infrastructure; and a safe environment for economic activities by individuals to give them economic empowerment that will enable households not only to cater for their present generations but also to provide for future generations. This can be accomplished by learning one or two different trades. Much of this was a result of the fact that " at least 200 New Orleans police officers have walked away from . Higher costs in the long run as problems are likely to recur without addressing root cause, Difficulty in predicting when and how often incidents will occur, Increased risk of system failures and customer dissatisfaction, Lack of proactive identification and resolution of potential problems, Difficulty in identifying the root cause of the problem which leads to recurrence of the problem, Lack of time for thorough testing and validation of the solution, Additional stress on the maintenance team and possibly overtime costs. No planning is involved and no tools and resources are collected that are required to resolve issues as such issues occur unexpectedly. The present ruling administration is not fulfilling its promises, and officials are more concerned with stuffing their wallets than with properly governing. It is both a social and economic monster. New values have taken over their place over the years, with the so-called modernity and civilization. Recommended: Richest Musicians In Nigeria currently. It can be more costly than expense of regularly implementing preventive maintenance. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. 5. In response to the forced closure of schools, the Oyo state government launched an "education-in-emergency" intervention called "School on Air" to serve as an alternative way of learning . They apply for employment but are not recruited due to a lack of qualifications. It attempts to highlight the various policies guiding the activities of NEMA and those policies put out to stakeholders by NEMA as the coordinating body. In addition, the security situation remains serious in Nigeria. The following are some advantages of statelessness: As the server does not need to manage any session, deploying the services to any number of servers is possible, and so scalability will never be a problem; No states equals less complexity; no session (state) synchronize logic to handle at the . In that case, foreign firms and entrepreneurs would decline to invest and this is particularly important in view of the efforts being made to create the desired atmosphere to attract foreign direct investment. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The argument here is that Nigeria has the resources to provide for the needs of its people, but corruption in public offices at all levels has made it impossible for officeholders to focus on the provision of basic needs for the people Nigerian situation as a Paradox of Plenty. On the upside, Nigeria benefits from its relatively large market size, which bears the potential for significant economics of scales; a relatively efficient labor market, driven by its flexibility, and a solid financial market following its gradual recovery. In the first quarter of 2016, it fell by -13.98 percent. Even if they have suspended operations for the time being, their actions have drastically reduced crude oil output in the country. This generated heated debate about the legitimacy of declaring a state of emergency. x|J%H7rN`%_rGb@X\v0/t)'.C; th7_w'unVvjJ~ix 53qQmbI+>ocuj6XXj5Lkf`uAvlALk0/!8N>:F'8NpStl!~W,~_7,NgOfO{iT-jkxt-!(mCVx`o! VfpVA/7ev0=_0M)Lc In 2011 alone, Nigeria's fuel subsidy cost the country an estimated $8 billion and the price tag for 2012 was expected to be even greater. Aluta pointed out that it is necessary to distinguish between different causes as each may require a different remedy. 2. The organization has kidnapped children and murdered Christians across the country. There is a strong skepticism that if the level of insecurity in our country is not scaled down, our vision to be among the best 20 countries of the world may be aborted. Terrorism At the most proximate and least disputable level, terrorism is the most fundamental source of insecurity in Nigeria today, and its primary bases and sources of support have generally been located in religious fanaticism and intolerance. 22. Every year, 200,000 students graduate from college, but many struggles to find jobs and turn to less-than-honorable means of sustenance. This is an internationally recognised set of rules which set out limits to restrictions on rights during emergencies. Terrorism: Terrorism is a major concern in Nigeria daily. U$vYL.w-*;-lA The possibility of federal government taking over the affairs of the state explains why no state governor has ever requested the president to proclaim a state of emergency in their state. Conflict of Perceptions between the Public and government Over the years, there has been a standing mismatch between public and government perceptions. The judiciary ought to have, at this stage in our development, evolved time scales for cases. Resource Management: Tensions frequently arise when it comes to the control of the countrys natural resources. It could also result in the loss of capital through the burning of business buildings and properties. This exerts pressure on the business for manpower at any cost. Education system: Students who attend tertiary education institutions are usually unemployed and depressed. The following additional powers can be exercised under emergency rule: massive deployment of the armed forces to take charge of security in place of the policy, invasion of peoples privacy (including homes and offices). Below are 10 causes of insurgencies in Nigeria. 6 Bayelsa State - Yenagoa. We recognize that some internal factors have been enhanced and strengthened by the presence of external forces, but, there is no doubt that, if the internal situations did not present themselves, the external forces would be unable to infiltrate. This frequently causes a sense of perceived unfairness by the government and its agents towards these communities. Gustafsson-Wright E, Van Der Gaag J (2008). 49. During their schooling, many Nigerian graduates did not learn practical skills. In the latest violence, 53 people were killed and 13. The state of insecurity in Nigeria is greatly a function of government failure or can be linked to government failure. It is safe, secure, and can not . Recommended: Best businesses to start with N100k in Nigeria and be successful. Serial Number: Name Of States:Their Capitals: 1 Abia State - Umuahia. Frequent and persistent ethnic conflicts and religious clashes between the two dominant religions (Islam and Christianity), present the country with a major security challenge. One of main advantages of emergency maintenance is that there is no initial planning involved so initial cost involved to maintain equipment before failure occurrence is safe. It can be declared for a number of reasons including civil unrest or a natural disaster, armed conflict or in a pandemic. The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the most important indices of a countrys economic health. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! k; 7 ! You also gave solutions. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! We must all take a stance to expose corruption and tell the truth about issues that affect our environment. This emanates from the cost of taking precautions and payment for private security services. It further examines the issues of funding NEMA and the State Emergency Management Agency c\# 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide1.xml.relsj0=wW;,e)C>!mQ[:o1tx_?],(AC+lt>~n_'\08c 1\0JhA1Q!K-_I}4Qg{m^0xKO;-G*|ZY#@N5 PK ! This is in addition to the poor attitudinal and behavioral disposition of security personnel. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. Fikayo Olowolagba. The president has the power to proclaim a state of emergency in any part of Nigeria by publishing the order in the official government gazette. As such, workers resign to run away from such areas and fresh people do not want to go there for employment. The problem of Internal Land Conflicts: Land ownership disputes have frequently caused conflicts among Nigerians. Search and rescue (SAR) and disaster management in Nigeria. In June, the rate of severe acute malnutrition was 19 per cent among children - the emergency threshold is 3 per cent. :c7HN|g>c91I@sXdXr1}fr`6'sgJm1TixgLME5+ It was during the presidency of Olusegun Obasanjo . 2013, is a baby agency in emergency management, compared to Lagos State Emergency Management Agency (LASEMA). K= 7 ! Nigerias Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has been growing at a slow pace in recent years. The foundations of the institutional framework in Nigeria are very shaky and have provoked deterioration of state governance and democratic accountability, thus, paralyzing the existing set of constraints including the formal and legitimate rules nested in the hierarchy of social order. In addition, there should be a complete overhaul of the security institutions in the country to reflect international standards of best practices so as to pre-empt these security breaches. ppt/slides/_rels/slide12.xml.rels The last is when the president receives a request to declare a state of emergency from a state governor. Policies that focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely to succeed. In the year preceding up the 2007 elections, a Foreign Affairs study found about 700 election-related violent actions, including two killings. Lack of institutional capacity resulting in government failure described as the corrosion or breakdown of institutional infrastructures. Apart from the outright closure of a business enterprise, an existing business can also be affected in the four functional areas of business shown below such as production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). It focuses on the emotional and psychological sense of belonging to a social group that can offer one protection). To begin, the government should put in place policies that have already been developed, such as a gender policy that aspires to achieve gender equality. Sub-sections 1 and 2 provides that the president may by instrument published in the . Nigeria runs a federal system a situation where the federating units are expected to enjoy autonomy. 4. The countrys population is diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups represented. But the countrys federal system is deeply flawed with power and resources inordinately in control of the central government. The activities of the avengers were responsible for the epileptic power supply in the country as well as the inability of state governors to pay workers salaries due to the low revenue generated in the oil sector as a result of the attack on pipelines. EM also helps one to immediately identify major cause of failure and then restore asset or equipment to its normal working condition. By. The states have now become the administrative units of the federal government. Despite being neighbors, the mostly Muslim north and predominantly Christian south were never united until 1914. An earlier version of this article appeared in The Guardian newspaper of March 2, 2004 under the title "The State of Emergency Conjecture". Challenges faced by Nigeria currently Without a reliable road system, business suffers. The government can abuse the emergency powers. Like in many other societies, the sources of insecurity in Nigeria have been traced to a number of factors and explained by different people. The Socio-Economic Development-This factor is strongly considered as the major key to peace and security in Nigeria. Unemployment: In Nigeria, unemployment is spreading like a virus. Economic crisis: Nigerias economic situation has deteriorated significantly. 7. The countrys purchasing and selling situation are dire and depressing. Workers incomes are no longer sufficient to purchase physical goods from marketplaces. Porous Borders One major immediate factor which has enhanced insecurity in Nigeria is the porous frontiers of the country, where individual movements are largely untracked. Government must not only continue to engage the security personnel, but it must also, more than ever before, recognize the need to devote more attention to security intelligence, capacity building to meet the global best practice standard, and acquisition of modern technology. The combined emergency management authorities, policies, procedures, and resources of local, State, and Federal Governments as well as voluntary disaster relief organizations, the private sector, and international sources constitute a national disaster response framework for providing assistance, following a major disaster or emergency. A situation where the country earns a great deal of revenue through oil sales but fails to use these earnings to meet the needs of its people and to develop infrastructure as well as the economy. 4 Anambra State - Awka. As the premeditated use or threat of use of violence by an individual or group to cause fear, destruction or death, especially against unarmed targets, property or infrastructure in a state, intended to compel those in authority to respond to the demands and expectations of the individual or group behind such violent acts which has cost 13.4 percent of the world gross domestic product. They impose restrictions on peoples rights and freedoms. Advantages and disadvantages of statelessness. In many cases, security personnel assigned to deal with given security situations lack the expertise and equipment to handle the situations in a way to prevents them from occurring. Best businesses to start with N100k in Nigeria and be successful, Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria, Causes, Effects and Solutions to Conflict in Africa, Countries with the best justice system in the world 2022, Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society, Problems of the Nigerian educational system, How to buy land in Nigeria: Important documents you will need, Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet, Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. Production Business enterprises rely on the availability and regular supply of raw materials for production. He mentioned the following as solutions to the issue of insecurity: Leadership development- It is viewed that Nigeria will have to develop visionary leadership, a leadership that is detribalized such that it has at leadership positions only people who are able to inculcate in their people or followers, the idea of common citizenship as the transcendent factor among all Nigerians, no matter the tribe, gender, religion, economic and social status. Cases of corruption are not meant to be compromised at all, let alone adjourning them endlessly. It is argued that except our values are right, we cannot get it right as a nation in all of the areas that we have itemized, and except we get it right in those areas, the people will continue to suffer deprivation and injustice which will cause dissatisfaction and disaffection and consequently create an insecure environment. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Nigeria reported the country's . Disadvantages of declaring a state of emergency If the President had declared a state of emergency in South Africa, there would have been a limitation on the citizens' rights. K= 7 ! In turn, it minimizes loss. 5 Bauchi State - Bauchi. They apply for jobs, but owing to a lack of credentials, they are not hired. 2 Adamawa - State Yola. Graduates frequently have to stay in their parents houses for an extended period, leading to dissatisfaction and pessimism. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The Speaker was Chris Aluta, GMD, ProtectionPlus Services Limited. If we scored ourselves so low like this, how can we be rated any better by foreigners? Nigeria was rated fourth in the world with the most international war deaths in 2016, according to the Global Peace Index. 00:02:48 Nigeria in 'state of emergency . Apart from the absence of qualified personnel and relevant ambulance equipment, sustainability is an issue.4 Most government ambulance services started and then quickly collapsed when the. Nigeria was the 33rd most corrupt country in 2013, mathematically. Radical Change in Values A paradigm shift of values from the current order has also been suggested and emphasized by many, considering the role of values in the governance system, leadership developmental goals, and behavior towards corruption. Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal capital territory.Each of the 36 states is a semi-autonomous political unit that shares powers with the federal government as enumerated under the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.The Federal Capital Territory (FCT), is the capital territory of Nigeria, and it is in this territory that the capital city of Abuja is located. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The study has shown that tricycle has contributed significantly to the transportation system in Nigeria. In Nigeria, Boko Haram is known as a destroyer, and the northern section of the nation has been so badly damaged that even students are unable to complete their studies In Nigeria, Boko Haram is a well-known terrorist organization. Emergency maintenance does not increase lifetime of equipment. Unemployment/Poverty -As a result of the high level of unemployment and poverty among Nigerians, especially the youths, they are adversely attracted to violent crime. FILE - A woman carries a placard as she shouts a slogan during a "Walk Against Rape" march in Lagos, Nigeria, Oct. 5, 2011. Insecurity affects the general human security of the people as the situation promotes fear, while at the same time limiting the peoples ability to work effectively. March 30, 2022. . 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! EM usually guides technicians to take preventive measures to prevent system from greater damages. All 36 of Nigeria's governors resolved to declare a state of emergency . The government officials tasked with combating corruption are unconcerned about what is expected of them. World Bank on the investment climate in nine African countries in which it was found that 29% of business operators in Africa and 36% in Nigeria perceived insecurity as a major constraint on investment. In their pursuit, they have damaged oil pipelines and abducted oil employees. g. Since we are all aware of our economys job dilemma, everyone should strive for a back up plan. If there are no jobs in the economy, try to create some. This negativity is one of the main reasons for crime among Nigerian youth; they turn to illegal activities since they have nothing better to do with their time or money. In Nigeria, cases that bother on corruption and insecurity have most often been compromised. In addition, the countrys GDP fell by -13.4 percent in the first quarter of 2018. A group of terrorist invades the town meanwhile Smith (Saint Obi) identifies them as former members of squared twelve in the military: Their mission is to disrupt the peace in the nation through. The history of State of Emergency in Nigerian politics began in 1962 when large-scale irregularities in the. Following the military's truly outstanding performance after Hurricane Katrina in 2005, there were calls for active-duty troops to take a more robust - and even leading - role in disaster operations, to include law enforcement. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. PK ! There is hardly a day that passes without sorry tales of pre-meditated killings, armed robbery and other crimes and attacks nationwide. Graduates are usually required to live with their parents for lengthy periods, which can lead to discontent and pessimism. Lack of IGR: many state's internal generated revenue can barely sustain salary payment. The burgeoning population has resulted in a slew of new issues, including environmental deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities. Quantitative data was obtained using . 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This is because a state of emergency gives the government a wide range of special powers to deal with the situation at hand. In addition to the usual crimes, the coordinated attacks from the Boko Haram sect in the northern part of the country, besides making life miserable for Nigerians, have affected so many businesses operating in that region. All these variables of crimes and social maladies have made the Nigerian security environment to be complex. See Reasons. The EiEWG Nigeria is chaired by the Federal Ministry of Education or by the State Ministry of Education (And SUBEBs) at the state levels and co-chaired by UNICEF and Save the Children International. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels The countrys annual profits have decreased, significantly impacting the countrys population. What are the economic problems that Nigeria is facing, Also see: Countries with the best justice system in the world 2022. Struggle for power and Politics. It is only a temporary situation, in which action can be taken during dangerous or difficult situations. The insecure environment of business refers to insecurity variables that affect the performance of a business but over which the business enterprise has little or no direct control. Politics overtime has done more damage than good in Nigeria, by sometimes leading to loss of life's and properties. 11. He opined that government at all levels has not done enough by not confronting frontally the situation head-on and dealing with it decisively, others have argued that the situation has a political undertone or inclination calculated to serve the interest of certain political gods, who have been dissatisfied and disgruntled about the political manifestations in the country. Various people poured encomiums on him for his wonderful deeds, impacts, and influence when he was alive. Reuters adds that local residents blame government troops for most of the civilian deaths. Furthermore, the country is not harnessing the latest technologies for productivity enhancements, as demonstrated by its low rates of ICT penetration. Given the porous borders as well as the weak and security system, weapons come easily into Nigeria from other countries. According to the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), 244,000 children are suffering from acute malnutrition in Borno state and on average 134 die every day from this. It is theorized by many that fighting corruption and winning the war will bring about an egalitarian society, where fairness, social justice, and equal right for all will reign supreme; where rights will not be privileges for some people, and for others, privileges are their rights: where every Nigerian will be treated and accorded position not based on tribe and sect, but on merit defined in terms of the content of his character, mental capacity and ability to deliver; where there will be no discrimination. The use of violence to combat violence is unlikely to succeed in eliminating terrorism since it will result in the deaths of many innocent people. In order to facilitate this collaboration, Memoranda of Understanding have been signed by several United Nations agencies; these agreements aim to clarify roles and responsibilities in emergency relief and rehabilitation programmes, and outline commitments to joint activities within agency competencies. Nigeria was ranked 144th out of 177 countries on Transparency Internationals Corruption Perception Index in 2013, making it one of the most corrupt countries in the world. As name suggests, it is a serious and unexpected situation that is required to be immediately solved. Roads are in disrepair due to corruption and misappropriation of public monies Only 67 percent of paved roads and 33 percent of unpaved roads were in good or fair condition in 2011, according to the World Bank. Recommended: Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria. Problems hindering the economy development of Nigeria. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed to assess availability of each of the aforementioned subgroups of resuscitation devices and drugs, in each primary and secondary healthcare facility in all eighteen (18) Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Cross River State, in Southern Nigeria. Evidently, there has been a decline in foreign direct investment in Nigeria. According to Aluta, Security just like other elements in the business environment enhances and optimizes business activities but insecurity hinders these activities and so it constitutes a threat to business organizations. The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. 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Shown that tricycle has contributed significantly to the Global peace Index most country... Strongly considered as the broader economy weak and security system, weapons come easily Nigeria... Causes a sense of belonging to a lack of credentials, they are not recruited due a! Capacity resulting in government failure described as the major key to peace and security system, come... That focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely succeed. Tricycle has contributed significantly to the transportation system in Nigeria of perceived unfairness by the government is responsible this! The Siracusa Principles limit which rights can be more costly than expense of regularly implementing preventive maintenance economic..