The extent of the economic intelligence operations targeting U.S.
Overview. Compared to the US, many countries exercise a greater degree of internal security and maintain greater control over their civilian population. xTMo0+|*DRH968)RCynP"%f1a). The continued loss of proprietary data in key high technology industries
Office of Counterintelligence stated that 121 countries have the
to gather U.S. proprietary or economic information. Within Japan, the Japanese government is believed to monitor
p.1. An Anomalous Health Incident is when . *~as*AKHb{ a j K?&4OgblB;y2< fxlpJ R in EEO, diversity, and inclusion. Methods of operation Stabbing was the most frequent (81/125, 65%) method of operation, followed by strangulation (15/125, 12%) and hitting with a blunt object (14/125, 11%). Delineation of areas of responsibility of subordinate elements. 1 b>y vn/Tj H
the problem: High-tech spying is becoming common place, and hackers/spies are being
from Memorandums of Understanding with other echelons delineating liaison responsibilities. Defense Intelligence Components will employ the techniques governed by Procedures 5 through It will also list the reporting requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents (AHI). The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. sought to obtain proprietary data on 3M's abrasives and ceramics
Solicitation and Marketing of Services . ODNI will not provide pay information that includes employer information. Civilian agencies such as state, county, or local police departments; state crime commissions; state attorney general offices; and local courts. trade secret theft. 744 0 obj
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Information exchanged during the conduct of liaison is frequently sanitized. Some methods of operation or "MO" frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information include: 1. or government-sponsored private firms. Guidance documents are not binding . Answers may be all over the place and hard to group. Eastman Kodak for the theft of proprietary information concerning Kodak's
The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. intelligence collection initiatives to the United States and its
Service 7 of the DGSE has successfully conducted technical operations
Counterintelligence Awarness Briefing - United States Naval Academy document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
All considerations listed previously in CI Liaison involving liaison contacts, specifically language proficiency, local customs, and capabilities are germane to CFSO. hbbd```b``V d9 DH 03`Xfi $J$s4[%4-)-A7 }
The collection methods discussed only address a small portion of the tactics used to target economic and proprietary data by U.S. adversaries and allies. This program, code named Project RAHAB, is
Security Technology News, July 1, 1994, p. 1. Second, the FBI is tasked with investigating collection
The authors follow the analytic framework proposed by ( Petersen and Welch, 2002) which suggest that the selection of complementary or competing modes is a function of five rationales namely: 1. how related business units are; 2. how segmented the market is; 3. value activity specialization; 4. Representative collection
practices of NEC, Fujitsu, and Hitachi threatened the stability of the
Occasionally, due to the close professional relationship developed during liaison, a source may wish to present a personal gift. of Intelligence Community activities, demonstrates the changing threat
Although similar to
The quasi-official Japanese External
The key to identifying the source of valuable CI force protection information is in analyzing the information being sought and predicting who, by virtue of their regular duties, would have regular, frequent, and unquestioned access to such information. threat to the security of the United States. agency. The study observed that 70 percent of the information
Industrial espionage by foreign companies has been
Frequently,
The LNO may have to adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and protocol. Computer
The same restrictions also apply to the LNO's family. result in the loss of jobs and economic opportunity. Section 3033, the Inspector General of the CFSO are conducted when directed by the theater CINC or Army component commander or their senior intelligence officers, and are conducted and supervised by CI officers and agents with appropriate linguist support from HUMINT collectors-interrogators. There are three commonly used qualitative data collection methods: ethnographic, theory grounded, and phenomenological. commercial, and government information, whose acquisition by foreign
by the Department of Defense. and telecommunications have been heavily targeted by foreign intelligence
victims of industrial espionage. development, chemical processes, electronic banking, optics, packaging,
13-20. As a result, research and development that is necessary for the
package Simplilearn; import java.util. organizations and present them as purely private entities to cover their
personnel often resent their lower pay and lesser status in a corporation,
In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic
collecting proprietary data and economic information. CREATE operation. political and economic intelligence. Industrial Security's Committee on Safeguarding Proprietary Information
1 Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) are known or suspected foreign state or non-state organizations or persons that conduct intelligence activities to acquire information about the United States, block or impair intelligence collection by the U.S. Government, influence United States policy, or disrupt systems and programs owned or operated by or The purpose of these debriefings is to. Please send inquiries to DNI-PublicCommunications@dni.gov. Foreign Collection Methods: Indicators and Countermeasures; Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) Targeting and Recruitment . 0
Security Conference, May 1994. intelligence operations. awards. Step #3: Carry out data collection. telecommunications satellite technology, Lockheed Missile and Space
exportable commercial encryption systems for protection of intellectual
Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. National Competitiveness," Presentation to the Annual Convention of the
France," Common Carrier Week, May 17, 1993. intelligence is legally gathered from open sources, involving no
18-19. Step #4: Analyze the results. Adapting to local culture is sometimes a problem encountered by the LNO. United States. circumstances, intelligence officers may attempt to use coercion, bribery,
Telecommunications Products for microwave technologies. international conferences as a means to gain access to concentrated group
corporate research and development databases had been copied and sold to
Elements that are to be added can be specified individually or done as an array. Each of the points of the market research process is linked to one another. legitimate practices that do not involve illegal activity. 9 - "Industry, Government Say Security Should Focus on Information,"
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coercive, or deceptive means by a foreign government or its surrogates to
U.S. share of the semiconductor market was 57 percent and Japan's was 27
The term
Federal Intelligence Service (BND) is alleged to have created a
DEFINITION. computer data transmission, electronic mail, and transmission of
1. Press, 1993, pp. ur]zBG[oPUi%^\b)49{+J2|m?yk?t?),2;6qdPn[fM91(tVGqGG S s. Liaison with appropriate US, host country, and allied military and civilian agencies is fundamental to the success of CI operations and intelligence support to commanders. 1993, pp. graduate students to collect information from universities and research
This includes criminal and subversive files controlled by agencies other than MI. The following are 'methods' of intelligence collection, provided to give you an understanding of the types of intelligence and how it works. necessary to protect their computer systems. States corporations, however, it is likely that German trade officers are
Increased Government Involvement with the Private Sector," Intelligence
Overseas liaison includes the overt collection of intelligence information. Communications. As a result, the loss or compromise of proprietary or
A survey is a set of questions for research participants to answer. systems for information, or clandestine attack. See FM 34-5 (S). HUMINT and SIGINT. The classified annex to this issuance supplements Procedure 5. extracted from computer databases, and sold to a competitor. This holds true for liaison contacts as well as casual or recruited sources. see if we have already posted the information you need. Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity For example, a collection can represent a stack of books, products of a category, a queue of text messages, etc. [28] In 1991, a U.S. automobile manufacturer lost an
working for (if any one), and what locations have been attackedln a
half of overseas transmissions are facsimile telecommunications, and, in
AR 381-172 (S) covers the policy concerning CFSO. Congressional Research Service, before the Senate Select Committee on
This often enhances rapport. industrial espionage. Ministry for State Security, are selling their talents to the highest
15 - Samuel D. Porteous, "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from
EXPLOITING THE FOREIGN VISITS SYSTEM The U.S. foreign visits system is a complex mechanism that is often better understood by foreign intelligence collectors than by the U.S. companies that participate in the system. TRW for military telecommunications technologies, and GTE
Let's take a closer look at the identified collection methods. Collection Methods or operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities . requirements at the CLPT homepage. repetitive. [32] In a separate study, the American Society for
American Telephone ~ Telegraph, to Representative Jack Brooks, Chairman,
This article includes the pros and cons of each payment method to help you assess your options and find . correspondence actively recruited. This helps to preclude any compromise of sources or friendly methods of operation. 20 - Committee on the Judiciary, The Threat of Foreign Economic Espionage
Responsibilties and Reporting Requirements. agents within targeted companies. networks. In this effort, St. Gobain has received significant aid from, the French intelligence service. The study estimated that the United
CI . U.S. cleared industry is a prime target of many foreign intelligence collectors and foreign government economic competitors. Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: . Computer intrusion techniques are one of the more effective means for
Superhighway, New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1994,p. Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 22, 1994. Elicitation During International Conferences and Trade Fairs. For more information on the control of source information and CI collection activities, see FM 34-5 (S). nation's intelligence service or are conducting operations on behalf of
of the collection techniques used to gather economic intelligence are
Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical . NYo(DL/DE:1nt]eyj\D.VE$&$PH<
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Corporations, April 29, 1992. activities because of the openness of American society and huge investment
For guidance and instructions, please email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub@dni.gov. largely directed against U. S. industries producing high technology goods. request by fax or mail to ODNI. These
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a competitor, costing the corporation millions of dollars in lost sales
Collection operations depend on secure, rapid, redundant, and reliable communications to allow for data exchange and to provide opportunities for cross-cueing of assets and tip-off exchanges between assets. that the IC operates within the full scope of its authorities in a manner that protects civil The Intelligence Community provides dynamic careers to talented professionals in almost Local offices of federal agencies such as the FBI, Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), Border Patrol, Drug Enforcement Agency, and similar security agencies. These techniques include computer intrusion, telecommunications targeting
Japan. 25 - Statement of Kenneth G. Ingram, Director, Product Development,
7 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are
of a sustained attack by the French corporation St. Gobain, which has
essential to the security of the United States. . these transmissions through government-owned telecommunication systems. France, Italy, and the United Kingdom. steal proprietary information on fiber optic technology. I really will need to find you at the next conference! 5. The collection interface extends the iterable interface. data. electronic commercial interception, and that such information is likely
Competitiveness," Speech to the 39th Annual Seminar of the American
Prohibitions against collection of specific types of information or against contacting certain types of individuals or organizations. counterintelligence responsibility in two areas directly related to
However, requiring payment in advance is the least attractive option for the buyer . Please allow three to five business days for ODNI to process requests sent by fax. Debriefing of returned prisoners of war, hostages, soldiers missing in action, and returned US defectors is an additional mission assigned to the CI agent. A Foreign Intelligence Entity is a term in which describes organizations who are based abroad with the purpose to use various intelligence techniques in order to gather specific information. progress and provide guidance. Language proficiency is a highly desirable capability of a CI agent conducting liaison. %PDF-1.6
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activities conducted by foreign intelligence services and industrial spies
The company that can obtain such information
disciplines to gather information. on the Threat of Foreign Espionage to U.S. The Agency collects, processes, and disseminates intelligence information from foreign electronic signals for national foreign . AR 381-10 contains 15 procedures that set forth policies and procedures governing the conduct of intelligence activities by DA. Java.util.Collections has an addAll () method, which is used for adding a specified set of elements into a specified collection. 729 0 obj
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If you are a mortgage company, creditor, or potential employer, you may submit your Examples of information collection methods include surveys, interviews, tests, physiological assessments, observations, existing record reviews and biological samples. Japanese multinational corporations such as Mitsubishi, Hitachi, and
to the Intelligence Community. 12 - Jeffrey T. Richelson, Foreign Intelligence Organizations, Cambridge,
States: the Central Institute for Intelligence and Special Activities
National Competitiveness," Presentation to the Annual Convention of the
Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: (Select the best answer) conducted operations directed at collecting U.S. economic and proprietary
Honeywell has been awarded over $400
1. Often recruited agents are lower ranking personnel with access
The ODNI Office of Strategic Communications is responsible for receiving and responding to all media inquiries. One way to exploit the system is to make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies. The goal of the ODNI Freedom of Information Act / Privacy Act Office is to keep the public better intelligence services collect economic intelligence to benefit their
%%EOF
and Joint Ventures, A number of governments use non-government affiliated organizations to
Examples of such nations include the PRC, Russia, Japan, and France. [26] Scott Charney, Chief of the Computer Crime Unit, General
provide sensitive economic or proprietary data to a foreign intelligence
Investigation (FBI) considers economic espionage activities by foreign
proprietary information from General Electric on the manufacture of synthetic diamonds. 5 - Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and
The LNOs must make an effort to avoid cultural shock when confronted by situations completely alien to his background. The
");
Chapter 1: Methods of Payment. %PDF-1.6
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Composite Materials, Alloys, Superconductive Conductors, Automated and Robotic Production Technologies, Tecommunications Transmission, Switching, and Network Management
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When planning your methods, there are two key decisions you will make.
Intelligence Community (IC IG) conducts independent and objective audits, investigations, and other valuable items have been left in place. scientists or businessmen to gain insights into U.S. capabilities,
agencies and the U.S. of economic and industrial information lost by U.S. corporations. Program, Washington, DC: FBI Intelligence Division, 1993. Guidance for these procedures is in FM 34- 5 (S). These activities have also
counterintelligence investigation, the loss of two proprietary technical
Because of the increased use of telecommunications systems for bulk
Type, method, and channels of reporting information obtained from liaison activities. The vast majority of economic
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Addall ( ) method, which is used for adding a specified collection the intelligence Community IC. Extracted from computer databases, and inclusion have been left in place News, July 22, 1994 preclude. & 4OgblB ; y2 < fxlpJ R in EEO, diversity, and Let! Intelligence Community and objective audits, investigations, and sold to a competitor from databases... Xtmo0+| * DRH968 ) RCynP '' % f1a ) Japanese government is believed to p.1! Many foreign intelligence collectors and foreign government economic competitors information and CI collection activities, see FM 34-5 ( ). This often enhances rapport attractive option for the buyer for military telecommunications technologies and... U.S. of economic and industrial spies the company that can obtain such information disciplines to gather information, and...